• 中国核心期刊(遴选)数据库收录期刊
  • 中文科技期刊数据库收录期刊
  • 中国期刊全文数据库收录期刊
  • 中国学术期刊综合评价数据库统计源期刊等
药物研究

中药提取物在皮肤色素沉着治疗中的研究进展

展开
  • 海南省药品和医疗器械审评服务中心, 海南 海口 570216
周津羽,女,硕士,研究方向:药品审评工作

收稿日期: 2025-07-11

  修回日期: 2025-10-10

  录用日期: 2026-01-07

  网络出版日期: 2026-01-07

Research Advances of Traditional Chinese Medicine Extracts in the Treatment of Skin Pigmentation

Expand
  • Hainan Center for Drug and Medical Device Evaluation and Service, Hainan Haikou 570216, China

Received date: 2025-07-11

  Revised date: 2025-10-10

  Accepted date: 2026-01-07

  Online published: 2026-01-07

摘要

皮肤色素沉着是一种普遍存在的皮肤现象,其核心机制在于黑色素合成与信号通路的异常活化。靶向抑制酪氨酸酶等关键限速酶的催化活性,有效阻断促黑信号通路如α-MSH-MC1R、SCF-c-Kit的转导,是干预色素异常沉积的关键策略。研究表明,传统中药蕴含丰富的生物活性物质,在调控色素沉着方面展现出显著潜力。代表性提取物如白芍中的芍药苷、甘草中的甘草素及当归中的阿魏酸等,在抑制酪氨酸酶活性、调控黑色素细胞代谢中发挥重要作用。本研究系统归纳了色素沉着的作用机制及中药提取物活性成分的研究进展,旨在为开发中药美白化妆品原料提供理论依据与应用支持。

本文引用格式

周津羽, 刘奕娴, 李珍玉, 黄冬强 . 中药提取物在皮肤色素沉着治疗中的研究进展[J]. 中国药物评价, 2025 , 42(6) : 453 -453-459 . DOI: magtech-2025-07-11-00002

Abstract

Skin pigmentation is a prevalent dermatological condition, the underlying mechanism of which is the aberrant activation of melanin synthesis and signalling pathways. The most effective strategies for intervening in abnormal pigment deposition involve targeted inhibition of the catalytic activity of key rate-limiting enzymes, such as tyrosinase, and effective blockade of the transduction of pro-melanotic signalling pathways, such as α-MSH-MC1R and SCF-c-Kit. Research has indicated that Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) are abundant in bioactive substances and possess considerable potential in modulating pigmentation. Representative extracts, including paeoniflorin in Paeonia lactiflora and glycyrrhizin in Glycyrrhiza and ferulic acid in Angelica sinensis, have been shown to play important roles in inhibiting tyrosinase activity and regulating melanocyte metabolism.This paper systematically summarises the mechanism of action of pigmentation, as well as the progress of research on the active constituents of traditional Chinese medicine extracts, thereby providing a theoretical foundation and potential avenues for future research and application in the field of TCM whitening cosmetic raw materials.

参考文献

  [1] 林婧, 宁平. 常用根茎类中药在美白化妆品中的应用现状研究[J]. 香料香精化妆品, 2020(2): 62-65.
     [2] Liu JK. Natural products in cosmetics[J]. Natural Products and Bioprospecting, 2022, 12(1): 40.
     [3] Merecz-Sadowska A, Sitarek P, Stelmach J, et al. Plants as modulators of melanogenesis: role of extracts, pure compounds and patented compositions in therapy of pigmentation disorders[J]. International J Molecular Sciences, 2022, 23(23): 14787.
     [4] 国家政府网. 国家药监局关于发布支持化妆品原料创新若干规定的公告[EB/ OL]. (2025-01-26) [2025-06-08]. https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/zhengceku/202502/content_7002613.htm.
     [5] Naik PP, Farrukh SN. Influence of Ethnicities and skin color variations in different populations: a review[J]. Skin Pharmacology and Physiology, 2022, 35(2): 65-76.
     [6] Song W, Yang H, Liu S, et al. Melanin: insights into structure, analysis, and biological activities for future development[J]. J Materials Chemistry. B, 2023, 11(32): 7528-7543.
     [7] Yc B. Metabolic basis and clinical evidence for skin lightening effects of thiol compounds[J]. Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2022, 11(3).
     [8] Alam MB, Park NH, Song BR, et al. Antioxidant potential-rich betel leaves (piper betle L.) exert depigmenting action by triggering autophagy and downregulating MITF/Tyrosinase in vitro and in vivo[J]. Antioxidants, 2023, 12(2): 374.
     [9] Yang S, Wang Z, Hu Y, et al. Hydrolyzed conchiolin protein (HCP) extracted from pearls antagonizes both ET-1 and α-MSH for skin whitening[J]. International J Molecular Sciences, 2023, 24(8): 7471.
     [10] Arora N, Siddiqui EM, Mehan S. Involvement of adenylate cyclase/cAMP/CREB and SOX9/MITF in melanogenesis to prevent vitiligo[J]. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 2021, 476(3): 1401-1409.
     [11] Merecz-Sadowska A, Sitarek P, Kowalczyk T, et al. The modulation of melanogenesis in B16 cells upon treatment with plant extracts and isolated plant compounds[J]. Molecules, 2022, 27(14): 4360.
     [12] 马梓育, 陆洋. 体内黑色素合成、调控及常用天然、中药来源的黑色素抑制剂[J]. 中国中药杂志, 2020, 45(24): 5898-5916.
     [13] Peng Z, Wang G, Zeng QH, et al. A systematic review of synthetic tyrosinase inhibitors and their structure-activity relationship[J]. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2022, 62(15): 4053-4094.
     [14] Zhang L, Tao G, Chen J, et al. Characterization of a new flavone and tyrosinase inhibition constituents from the twigs of morus alba L[J]. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2016, 21(9): 1130.
     [15] Garcia-Jimenez A, Teruel-Puche JA, Garcia-Ruiz A, et al. Structural and kinetic considerations on the catalysis of deoxyarbutin by tyrosinase[J]. PloS One, 2017, 12(11): e0187845.
     [16] Ding HY, Chang TS, Shen HC, et al. Murine tyrosinase inhibitors from Cynanchum bungei and evaluation of in vitro and in vivo depigmenting activity[J]. Experimental Dermatology, 2011, 20(9): 720-724.
     [17] Chai WM, Wei QM, Deng WL, et al. Anti-melanogenesis properties of condensed tannins from Vigna angularis seeds with potent antioxidant and DNA damage protection activities[J]. Food & Function, 2019, 10(1): 99-111.
     [18] Ali A, Ashraf Z, Rafiq M, et al. Novel amide derivatives as potent tyrosinase inhibitors; in-vitro, in-vivo antimelanogenic activity and computational studies[J]. Medicinal Chemistry, 2019, 15(7): 715-728.
     [19] Liu W, Chen Q, Xia Y. New mechanistic insights of melasma[J]. Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, 2023, 16: 429-442.
     [20] Qian W, Liu W, Zhu D, et al. Natural skin-whitening compounds for the treatment of melanogenesis (Review)[J]. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 2020, 20(1): 173-185.
     [21] Wu KC, Hseu YC, Shih YC, et al. Calycosin, a Common Dietary Isoflavonoid, suppresses melanogenesis through the downregulation of PKA/CREB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways[J]. International J Molecular Sciences, 2022, 23(3): 1358.
     [22] D′Mello SAN, Finlay GJ, Baguley BC, et al. Signaling pathways in melanogenesis[J]. International J Molecular Sciences, 2016, 17(7): 1144.
     [23] Zolghadri S, Beygi M, Mohammad T F, et al. Targeting tyrosinase in hyperpigmentation: current status, limitations and future promises[J]. Biochemical Pharmacology, 2023, 212: 115574.
     [24] 马梓育. 6种抗黑色素活性物质配伍及相关功效研究[D]. 北京中医药大学, 2022.
     [25] Kim DE, Chang BY, Ham SO, et al. Neobavaisoflavone inhibits melanogenesis through the regulation of Akt/GSK-3β and MEK/ERK pathways in B16F10 cells and a reconstructed human 3D skin model[J]. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2020, 25(11): 2683.
     [26] Jian D, Jiang D, Su J, et al. Diethylstilbestrol enhances melanogenesis via cAMP-PKA-mediating up-regulation of tyrosinase and MITF in mouse B16 melanoma cells[J]. Steroids, 2011, 76(12): 1297-1304.
     [27] Alam MB, Bajpai VK, Lee J, et al. Inhibition of melanogenesis by jineol from Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans via MAP-Kinase mediated MITF downregulation and the proteasomal degradation of tyrosinase[J]. Scientific Reports, 2017, 7(1): 1-12.
     [28] Terazawa S, Imokawa G. Signaling cascades activated by UVB in human melanocytes lead to the increased expression of melanocyte receptors, endothelin b receptor and c-KIT[J]. Photochemistry and Photobiology, 2018, 94(3): 421-431.
     [29] Pillaiyar T, Manickam M, Jung SH. Downregulation of melanogenesis: drug discovery and therapeutic options[J]. Drug Discovery Today, 2017, 22(2): 282-298.
     [30] Alam MB, Seo BJ, Zhao P, et al. Anti-melanogenic activities of heracleum moellendorffii via ERK1/2-Mediated MITF downregulation[J]. International J Molecular Sci, 2016, 17(11): 1844.
     [31] Sun Q, Rabbani P, Takeo M, et al. Dissecting wnt signaling for melanocyte regulation during wound healing[J]. J Investigative Dermatology, 2018, 138(7): 1591-1600.
     [32] Bellei B, Pitisci A, Catricalà C, et al. Wnt/β-catenin signaling is stimulated by α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in melanoma and melanocyte cells: implication in cell differentiation[J]. Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research, 2011, 24(2): 309-325.
     [33] Shin JS, Cho JH, Lee H, et al. Dual hypopigmentary effects of punicalagin via the ERK and Akt pathways[J]. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2017, 92: 122-127.
     [34] Pillaiyar T, Manickam M, Jung SH. Recent development of signaling pathways inhibitors of melanogenesis[J]. Cellular Signalling, 2017, 40: 99-115.
     [35] Hwang I, Park JH, Park HS, et al. Neural stem cells inhibit melanin production by activation of Wnt inhibitors[J]. J Dermatological Science, 2013, 72(3): 274-283.
     [36] Huang HC, Yen H, Lu JY, et al. Theophylline enhances melanogenesis in B16F10 murine melanoma cells through the activation of the MEK 1/2, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways[J]. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2020, 137: 111165.
     [37] Gillbro JM, Olsson MJ. The melanogenesis and mechanisms of skin-lightening agents--existing and new approaches[J]. International J Cosmetic Science, 2011, 33(3): 210-221.
     [38] Saeedi M, Eslamifar M, Khezri K. Kojic acid applications in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations[J]. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 2019, 110: 582-593.
     [39] Zaidi KU, Ali SA, Ali A, et al. Natural tyrosinase inhibitors: role of herbals in the treatment of hyperpigmentary disorders[J]. Mini Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry, 2019, 19(10): 796-808.
     [40] Michalak M. Plant extracts as skin care and therapeutic agents[J]. International J Molecular Sciences, 2023, 24(20): 15444.
     [41] 石宇, 李德如. 中药在皮肤美容中的应用研究进展[J]. 中国美容医学, 2008,(5): 766-768.
     [42] 周立慧, 张晓媛, 卢丹. 基于数据挖掘探讨中医古籍中美白组方规律[J]. 中国美容医学, 2023, 32(7): 167-172.
     [43] Zhou H, Li T, Li B, et al. Skin health properties of paeonia lactiflora flower extracts and tyrosinase inhibitors and free radical scavengers identified by HPLC post-column bioactivity assays[J]. Heliyon, 2023, 9(8): e18569.
     [44] Wen SY, Wu YS, Liu H, et al. Paeoniflorin found in Paeonia lactiflora root extract inhibits melanogenesis by regulating melanin-related signal transduction in B16F10 cells[J]. J Cosmetic Dermatology, 2023, 22(10): 2824-2830.
     [45] 虞娉, 庄让笑, 席建军, 等. 基于UPLC-Q/TOF-MS的甘草酸单铵和甘草酸二铵在大鼠体内移行成分表征[J]. 中国药理学通报, 2023, 39(11): 2148-2155.
     [46] Liu J, Xu X, Jian M, et al. Glycyrrhiza glabra extract as a skin-whitening agent: identification of active components and CRTC1/MITF Pathway-Inhibition Mechanism[J]. J Ethnopharmacology, 2025, (15):119948.
     [47] Wang J yan, Xie X yu, Deng Y, et al. Licorice zinc suppresses melanogenesis via inhibiting the activation of P38MAPK and JNK signaling pathway in C57BL/6J mice skin[J]. Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira, 2024, 37(10): e371002.
     [48] Ren G, Xue P, Sun X, et al. Determination of the volatile and polyphenol constituents and the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of the bioactive compounds from the by-product of Rosa rugosa Thunb. var. plena Regal tea[J]. BMC Complementary Alternative Medicine, 2018, 18(1): 307.
     [49] Lang B, Zhao Y, Yang R, et al. Antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of traditional fermented Rosa from Dali Bai communities, Northwest Yunnan, China[J]. Scientific Reports, 2021, 11(1): 22700.
     [50] Hadipour E, Rezazadeh Kafash M, Emami S A, et al. Evaluation of anti-oxidant and antimelanogenic effects of the essential oil and extracts of Rosa × damascena in B16F10 murine melanoma cell line[J]. Iranian J Basic Medical Sciences, 2023, 26(9): 1076-1082.
     [51] Song YR, Lim WC, Han A, et al. Rose Petal Extract (Rosa gallica) Exerts Skin Whitening and Anti-Skin Wrinkle Effects[J]. J Medicinal Food, 2020, 23(8): 870-878.
     [52] Wei Y, Yu X, Zhao J, et al. Effective components of panax notoginseng-salvia miltiorrhiza in the treatment of melasma and its experimental study[J]. ACS Omega, 2025, 10(3): 3033-3043.
     [53] Rachmin I, Ostrowski SM, Weng QY, et al. Topical treatment strategies to manipulate human skin pigmentation[J]. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 2020, 153: 65-71.
     [54] Zuo Z, He S, Qiu Y, et al. Salvianolic acid A prevents UV-induced skin damage by inhibiting the cGAS-STING pathway[J]. International Immunopharmacology, 2024, 132: 111971.
     [55] Liu J, Xu X, Jiang R, et al. Vanillic acid in Panax ginseng root extract inhibits melanogenesis in B16F10 cells via inhibition of the NO/PKG signaling pathway[J]. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 2019, 83(7): 1205-1215.
     [56] Zhang L, Wang L, Chen Y, et al. Biotransformation of ginsenoside Rb1 and Rd to four rare ginsenosides and evaluation of their anti-melanogenic effects[J]. J Natural Medicines, 2023, 77(4): 939-952.
     [57] Maruyama H, Kawakami F, Lwin TT, et al. Biochemical characterization of ferulic acid and caffeic acid which effectively inhibit melanin synthesis via different mechanisms in B16 melanoma cells[J]. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 2018, 41(5): 806-810.
     [58] 付红. 当归提取物抗皮肤衰老及美白功效体外实验研究[J]. 医药论坛杂志, 2017, 38(12): 142-143.
     [59] Chang YL, Hou NC, Fei JL, et al. Uncovering phenolic profiles of different forms in safflower seeds and their antioxidant capacity, and biological activity[J]. J Food Science, 2025, 90(3): e70025.
     [60] Yin SJ, Liu KY, Lee J, et al. Effect of hydroxysafflor yellow A on tyrosinase: integration of inhibition kinetics with computational simulation[J]. Process Biochemistry, 2015, 50(12): 2112-2120.
     [61] 陈来成, 陈冬杰, 邹洁, 等. 金线莲发酵液的抗氧化和美白功效研究[J]. 日用化学工业, 2024, 54(6): 656-662.
文章导航

/