CHINESE JOURNAL OF DRUG EVALUATION >

2026 , Vol. 43 >Issue 1: 24 - 24-31

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2095-3593.2026.030004

A Knowledge Graph-Based Study on the Medication Rules of Dali Ethnic Folk Empirical Prescriptions for Bi Syndrome

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  • 1.The Third Clinical Medical School of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University， Zhejiang Hangzhou 310053， China；
    2.Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture Chinese Medicine Hospital， Yunnan Dali 671000， China

Received date: 2025-11-11

  Revised date: 2026-01-08

  Accepted date: 2026-04-01

  Online published: 2026-04-01

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Abstract

Objective： To construct a knowledge graph of Dali ethnic folk empirical prescriptions for Bi syndrome using knowledge graph techniques， to identify formula-herb compatibility patterns， and to explore the application value of knowledge graphs in ethnic folk medicine research. Methods： Medical literature from the Dali region was systematically collected through sources such as Chinese Medical Works in Different Provinces， local gazetteers， and folk empirical prescriptions for Bi syndrome were collected. Ontology-based knowledge modeling was employed， followed by knowledge extraction， representation， storage， and visualization to construct the knowledge graph， which was implemented in the Neo4j graph database. On this basis， graph algorithms and community detection methods were applied to analyze the multi-relational knowledge network centered on the “formula-herb” relationship. Results： A knowledge graph comprising 773 entities and 1172 relationships was constructed， forming a multi-relational knowledge network centered on the “formula-herb” structure. Three core formulas were identified， and their shared herbs （Duzhong， Duhuo， Qinjiao and Qianghuo） constituted the core herbal combination. Among them， Xuduan was identified as the most central herb， followed by Danggui. In addition， key characteristic ethnic medicinal herbs represented by Qingyangshen， Qiannianjian， and Shijiaocao were identified， revealing their potential clinical application value. Conclusion： This study systematically presents the “formula-herb” knowledge network of Dali ethnic folk empirical prescriptions for Bi syndrome， revealing therapeutic principles characterized by dispelling pathogenic factors while supporting healthy qi and tonifying the liver and kidney， and highlighting distinct regional medicinal characteristics. By applying knowledge graph techniques and graph-theoretical algorithms to small-sample and highly sparse folk prescription data， this study provides a reusable methodological framework for the scientific and standardized research on ethnic folk empirical prescriptions.

Key words： ; font-size:medium; "> ; Ethnic folk empirical prescriptions； Bi syndrome； Knowledge graph； Data mining

Cite this article

MA Zhengran, HUANG Ziyi, WANG Xiaoying, YANG Wenlong, ZHU Zhiwei . A Knowledge Graph-Based Study on the Medication Rules of Dali Ethnic Folk Empirical Prescriptions for Bi Syndrome[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DRUG EVALUATION, 2026 , 43(1) : 24 -24-31 . DOI: 10.2095-3593.2026.030004

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