Abstract: Polygomum has wide application and pharmacological activities as traditional Chinese medicine and minority medicine, which can help ease cough, resistance to respiratory tract infection, reduce pulmonary arterial hypertension, alleviate the damage caused by lung ischemia and irrigation, control pulmonary fibrosis process, suppress the tumor growth and metastasis, etc. This article has focus on the pharmacological functions and molecular mechanism of the polygonum cuspidatum on respiratory diseases, in order to make a reference for further studies.