Abstract: objective: To discussion on type I incision operation in our hospital in the use of antibacterial drugs in clinical, type I incision operation to assess the rationality of antimicrobial usage, promote the rational use of antimicrobial drugs in our hospital.Methods: By using the method of retrospective survey, 1-6 type I incision operation survey 2012 ( thyroid operation, breast operation, hernia repair ) cases prophylactic use of antimicrobial drugs, drug use frequency, varieties of administration time and course of treatment were investigated.Results: In 1200 patients with type I incision operation use of antimicrobial agents in 504 patients, the use rate of 42%; the rational use of 424 cases, the qualified rate is 84.13%, 80 cases, the irrational drug use accounted for 15.87%, two drugs combination in 6 cases, accounting for 1.19%.Conclusion: Type I incision operation application of Antibacterials in our hospital, there were improper selection of preventive medication for a long time, the unreasonable phenomenon, further strengthen the management.