Abstract: To discuss the efficacy and safety of levosimendan and dobutamine in patients with acutely decompensated heart failure. Methods： From November 2012 to November 2013， total of 98 patients with acutely decompensated heart failure were entrolled into this study from the cardiology apartment of Jaozuo Second People’s Hospital. According to the treatment methods， all the patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The patients of treatment group were treated by levosimendan and dobutamine， while the patients of control group were treated only with dobutamine. Then compare the clinical effects， the changes of brain natriuretic peptide， cardiac function index and adverse reactions between these two groups. Results： Through effective treatment， 45 cases in treatment group were effective， and 4 were ineffective， so the overall response rate is 91.8%. 34 cases in control group were effective， and 15 were ineffective， so the overall response rate is 69.4%. Therefore， the difference of the response rate between these two groups showed certain statistical significance (P<0.05). Compared with control group， brain natriuretic peptide of treatment group were significantly reduced， but LVEF and SV were significantly improved， so the difference between the two groups showed statistical significance (P<0.05). The rate of adverse reactions between treatment group and control group showed no significant difference. Conclusion： Additional levosimendan under dobutamine treatment shows significant effect and can further improve cardiac function in patients with acutely decompensated heart failure.