Abstract: [Abstract]Objective： To evaluate the difference of teriparatide and calcitonin in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis clinical efficacy and safety. Methods： Keywords in the “teriparatide”， “recombinant human parathyroid hormone 1-34 (rhPTH1-34)”and “calcitonin”， “postmenopausal osteoporosis”， search for the relevant literature published between September 2015 and January 2002； Study on the quality of the included in the revised Jadad scale， Meta analysis using manager Review 5.3 software. Results：Through keyword search， a total of 25 articles are detected， According to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria， a total of 7 literatures are included in this study. In the study， the L2-4 BMD values are not heterogeneous， Meta analysis is carried out using fixed effect model， Teriparatide group increase 0.02 units of lumbar bone mineral density value than calcitonin group during the follow-up period (95%CI：0.00， 0.03)，P<0.05， the difference was statistically significant. The adverse reactions occurred during the follow-up were reported in the 7 papers， including dizziness， nausea， fatigue， a rash and joint pain， etc， the average rate is 25.03% (Teriparatide group 26.63%， calcitonin group 23.14%). Meta analysis is carried out using fixed effect model， the combined OR value is 1.29 (95%CI：0.92， 1.82)， P>0.05， there is no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion： This study showed that the teriparatide increase higher units in lumbar spine bone mineral density during the treatment of female postmenopausal osteoporosis than that of calcitonin， the two groups in the security of the difference is not big. But the conclusion still needs more high quality clinical randomized controlled study to further confirm.