Abstract: Objective： To investigate the effect of repaglinide combined with insulin glargine on blood glucose and islet β cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods： 130 T2DM patients from January 2016 to January 2017 were selected from Xixian County People′s Hospital of Henan province， and they were divided into two groups by random number table， 65 cases in each group. Control group was given insulin glargine， while observation group was treated with repaglinide based on control group. The blood glucose level， islet β cell function and safety were compared between the two groups. Results：After treatment， the clinical effect， FPG， 2hPG， FCP， PCP in observation group were better than those in control group (P<0.05). After treatment， the FPG， 2hPG， FCP， PCP in two groups were better than those before treatment (P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was 7.69% in the observation group and 4.62% in the control group， and there was no significant difference between the two groups (χ2=0.133， P>0.05).Conclusion：Repaglinide combined with insulin glargine in treatment of T2DM can increase clinical effects， improve blood glucose and islet β cell function， have low incidence of adverse reactions and high drug safety.